Once upon a time, humans lived outdoors in harmony with vast and diverse populations of bacteria, fungi, and viruses, largely unaware of the presence of these microbes.

Now that we are well into the winter of 2019, designers and managers of commercial buildings in cold climates may be concerned about the efficiency of their HVAC systems.

Most of us have experienced one of our best solutions backfiring and unintentionally creating a bigger problem in the future. One historical example of an unintended consequence occurred in the early 1900s in Hanoi, Vietnam. Under French Colonial rule, the city was proud of the sanitation benefits of its indoor toilets supported by a vast sewer system.

Back in 1997, when Greenwich Hospital in Greenwich, Connecticut, broke ground on a new building, the plan was to build it in two phases, a concept that meant rethinking the installation of two very large steam boilers.

Balancing relative humidity plays a key role in not only comfort but the health of occupants.

Few indoor environments must be as meticulously managed as medical facilities.

Biosafety Level 3 (BSL-3) space pressurization is critical to reducing the potential spread of infectious diseases in laboratories.

This month’s Facility File will focus on the B2B November test for the addition of a 100-ton, year-round cooling tower addition as standby to an existing, older cooling tower serving a process cooling system in a pharmaceutical facility.

Imagine this scenario: You decide to buy a car for your family. Deciding on a certain model, you carefully read the safety specifications.

One of the most challenging issues that a building systems engineer confronts is the need to create an environment that meets stringent temperature and humidity requirements in a location that’s not specifically designed for the task.