This article covers the basic principle of operation for variable-speed drives: to convert the building's electrical system frequency and voltage to the frequency and voltage required to drive a motor at a speed other than its rated speed. By Mark Ziemer, P.E.
Tomorrow's innovations are still being hatched in laboratories, but the real forces steering better commercial building systems are the ones driving to work today.
A major brewery tapped ammonia refrigeration for its new system retrofit. The result was a satisfying project with no bitter aftertaste. By Boshra B. Shehata
The sizing and selection of flow controls in an industrial or manufacturing project is important, but should not be done in a vacuum. It is just as - if not more - important to remember that the control valve is an integral part of a larger system. By Richard G. Carranza
When it comes to making sure a lab ventilation and fume hood system is safe, there are many factors that an engineer must take into consideration. However, the final goal is always containment - if the fumes aren't contained, the system isn't safe.